Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

2.9K
Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
2.9K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

5.8K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.8K
The Phragmoplast01:59

The Phragmoplast

5.4K
Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
5.4K
Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

2.6K
Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
2.6K
Animal and Plant Cell Structure01:30

Animal and Plant Cell Structure

34.7K
Animal and plant cells not only differ in their structure, function, and mode of nutrition but also in how they reproduce, specialize, and organize into complex structures.
Cell Division
Though both plant and animal cells divide by mitosis (for non-gametic cells) and meiosis (for gametic cells), they differ in the specifics of this process. Unlike animal cells, plant cells lack centrosomes — an organelle responsible for organizing the spindle fibers and segregating the chromosomes during...
34.7K
Plasmodesmata01:20

Plasmodesmata

3.3K
In a multicellular organism, cells must communicate to work together in a coordinated manner. One way that cells communicate is through direct contact with other cells. The points of contact that connect adjacent cells are called intercellular junctions.
Intercellular junctions are a feature of fungal, plant, and animal cells. However, different types of junctions are found in different kinds of cells. Intercellular junctions found in animal cells include tight junctions, gap junctions, and...
3.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Paenibacillus</i> as plant growth-promoting bacteria in soybean and cannabis.

Frontiers in plant science·2025
Same author

Screening methods for thermotolerance in pollen.

Annals of botany·2024
Same author

Cell geometry regulates tissue fracture.

Nature communications·2023
Same author

Photosynthesis regulation, cell membrane stabilization and methylglyoxal detoxification seems major altered pathways under cold stress as revealed by integrated multi-omics meta-analysis.

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology·2023
Same author

Strength in numbers: An isoform variety of homogalacturonan modifying enzymes may contribute to pollen tube fitness.

Plant physiology·2023
Same author

Focus on cell walls.

Plant physiology·2023
Same journal

Mechanosensing in immune cells: Implications for migration and beyond.

Current opinion in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Emerging role of organelles in cell migration.

Current opinion in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Nuclear adaptation in cell migration.

Current opinion in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Patterns in motion: Choreographing dynamic cell behaviours during tissue repair.

Current opinion in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Quo vadis reconstituted cell surfaces? Purpose and future perspectives for minimal systems of the cell plasma membrane.

Current opinion in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Nuclear determinants of mRNA and protein isoforms.

Current opinion in cell biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Protein-protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Tobacco Protoplasts and Leaves
11:10

Protein-protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Tobacco Protoplasts and Leaves

Published on: March 9, 2014

21.1K

The tri-molecular interaction controlling plant cell structure.

Preet Manchanda1, Anja Geitmann1

  • 1Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|May 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plant cell wall integrity relies on the RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR (RALF)-LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT EXTENSINS (LRX)-FERONIA (FER) complex. This complex regulates cell wall mechanics and growth, offering insights for crop productivity.

More Related Videos

Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem
07:52

Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem

Published on: May 23, 2020

5.5K
Detection of Protein Interactions in Plant using a Gateway Compatible Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation BiFC System
08:21

Detection of Protein Interactions in Plant using a Gateway Compatible Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation BiFC System

Published on: September 16, 2011

25.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Protein-protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Tobacco Protoplasts and Leaves
11:10

Protein-protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Tobacco Protoplasts and Leaves

Published on: March 9, 2014

21.1K
Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem
07:52

Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem

Published on: May 23, 2020

5.5K
Detection of Protein Interactions in Plant using a Gateway Compatible Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation BiFC System
08:21

Detection of Protein Interactions in Plant using a Gateway Compatible Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation BiFC System

Published on: September 16, 2011

25.5K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cellular Mechanics
  • Molecular Interactions

Background:

  • The plant cell wall is a vital, dynamic structure essential for plant cell integrity and growth.
  • Key components like RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR (RALF) peptides, LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT EXTENSINS (LRX), and the FERONIA (FER) receptor kinase are increasingly recognized for their roles in cell wall regulation.
  • The interaction of these molecules with de-methylesterified homogalacturonan (HG) influences cell wall mechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the RALF-LRX-FER complex in plant cell wall maintenance.
  • To explore the mechanistic details of how RALF peptides modulate HG.
  • To elucidate the roles of FER in mechanosensing and extensins in cell wall dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes findings from various studies characterizing the RALF-LRX-FER complex.
  • It integrates research on molecular interactions, receptor kinase signaling, and cell wall component analysis.
  • Focus is placed on feedback mechanisms and their impact on cellular responses.

Main Results:

  • The RALF-LRX-FER complex acts as a critical regulator of cell wall mechanics by interacting with de-methylesterified HG.
  • FER receptor kinase plays a crucial role in sensing mechanical cues within the cell wall.
  • Extensins contribute structurally to modulating cell wall dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The intricate feedback mechanisms involving the RALF-LRX-FER complex are fundamental to maintaining plant cell wall integrity and growth.
  • Understanding these molecular and mechanical interactions provides a basis for developing strategies to enhance crop productivity.
  • Further research into the specific mechanistic details of this complex is warranted.