Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 13, 2025
09:22
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
Published on: February 7, 2017
7.8K
Polymer-based mixed-mode stationary phases with grafted polyelectrolytes containing iminodiacetic acid
A S Uzhel1, A V Gorbovskaia1, I I Talipova1
1Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1/3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russia.
Journal of Chromatography. A
|May 24, 2025
Summary
New mixed-mode stationary phases based on modified poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) offer versatile separation capabilities. These novel resins, functionalized with iminodiacetic acid, excel in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and ion chromatography (IC).
Area of Science:
- Chromatography
- Polymer Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Development of advanced stationary phases is crucial for improving chromatographic separations.
- Poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) is a versatile polymer substrate for chromatographic applications.
- Mixed-mode chromatography combines multiple interaction mechanisms for enhanced selectivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize novel mixed-mode stationary phases based on modified PS-DVB.
- To evaluate the performance of these phases in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and ion chromatography (IC).
- To demonstrate the utility of iminodiacetic acid functionalization for enhanced separation capabilities.
Main Methods:
- Modification of PS-DVB substrate via Friedel-Crafts acylation or oxidation.
- Grafting of polyelectrolytes containing iminodiacetic acid functionalities.
- Application of synthesized stationary phases in HILIC, RP-HPLC, and IC modes.
- Separation of diverse analytes including inorganic anions, vitamins, nucleosides, PAHs, amino acids, phenols, and sugars.
Main Results:
- Epoxidized PS-DVB substrate yielded efficient resins for HILIC.
- Acylated PS-DVB substrate was advantageous for separating aromatic compounds in reversed-phase/ion-exchange mode.
- The stationary phases successfully separated a wide range of compounds, including inorganic anions, oxyhalides, alkylphosphonates, vitamins, nucleosides, nucleobases, phenolic derivatives, and PAHs.
- Introduction of iminodiacetic acid improved separation of amino acids and phenols.
- Separation of sucrose, maltose, and lactose was achieved for the first time on PS-DVB-based resins.
Conclusions:
- Modified PS-DVB-based stationary phases with iminodiacetic acid offer versatile and efficient separation capabilities across multiple chromatographic modes.
- These novel materials provide enhanced selectivity for challenging analytes like amino acids, phenols, and sugars.
- The study demonstrates a promising approach for designing advanced mixed-mode stationary phases for diverse analytical applications.
More Related Videos
12:07Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
Published on: April 16, 2018
13.4K
10:53Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
Published on: October 10, 2016
14.0K
Related Concept Videos
01:17Ion Exchange
565
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
565
01:09Ion-Exchange Chromatography
397
Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
397
01:17Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases
537
Gas chromatography (GC) relies on stationary phases to separate and analyze components in a sample. There are two main types of stationary phases: liquid and solid. Liquid stationary phases are non-volatile, thermally stable, and chemically inert liquids coated onto the column. Solid stationary phases are particles of adsorbent material, such as silica gel or molecular sieves.
For an analyte to remain on the column for a sufficient amount of time, it must exhibit some level of compatibility (or...
For an analyte to remain on the column for a sufficient amount of time, it must exhibit some level of compatibility (or...
537
01:20Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
01:09Analyte Adsorption and Distribution
616
In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and...
616
01:04Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism
2.0K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.0K