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Type-1 Diabetes Impacts Brain Microstructure and Anatomical Associations in Young and Well-Controlled Individuals
Geisa B Gallardo-Moreno1, Yusniel Santos-Rodríguez1, Sarael Alcauter-Solórzano2
1Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Brain Topography
|May 24, 2025
Summary
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) affects brain development, impacting white matter integrity. Even in well-controlled young patients, T1DM alters brain network connectivity, suggesting early neurodevelopmental changes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) impacts neurodevelopment and brain microstructure.
- Early detection of T1DM-related brain changes is crucial for understanding long-term effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate white matter integrity and Default Mode Network (DMN) connectivity in young T1DM patients.
- To identify early neurodevelopmental alterations in T1DM using advanced neuroimaging.
Main Methods:
- Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and diffusion-weighted probabilistic tractography.
- Comparison of DMN structural and functional connectivity between 18 T1DM patients and 18 healthy controls.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in DMN anatomical distribution between groups.
- T1DM patients exhibited lower transitivity graph metric and weaker connectivity in the left ventral prefrontal cortex and left medial temporal gyrus (arcuate fasciculus).
Conclusions:
- T1DM is associated with subtle, early alterations in white matter microstructure and network connectivity.
- These changes may reflect adaptive brain modifications in response to metabolic and developmental challenges posed by T1DM.
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