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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision03:37

Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision

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Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Embryo Microinjection and Knockout Mutant Identification of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Edited Helicoverpa Armigera Hübner
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Precise genome editing process and its applications in plants driven by AI.

Bo Jiang1,2,3, Zeyu An4, Linlin Niu1,2,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.

Functional & Integrative Genomics
|May 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genome editing technologies, including CRISPR-Cas, base, and prime editors, are revolutionizing biotechnology and plant breeding. The integration of artificial intelligence further enhances precision and efficiency in genomic engineering for global challenges.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceBase editorsCRISPR-CasPrecise genome editingPrime editors

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Genomic Engineering
  • Plant Breeding

Background:

  • Genome editing technologies enable precise gene modification, evolving from early tools to the CRISPR-Cas system.
  • CRISPR-Cas, base editors, and prime editors represent significant advancements in genomic engineering.
  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into genome editing, enhancing precision and streamlining workflows.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review early genome editing technologies (meganucleases, ZFNs, TALENs, CRISPR-Cas).
  • To introduce next-generation tools like base and prime editors and their plant applications.
  • To summarize and prospect the integration of AI with genome editing for future advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of genome editing technologies.
  • Detailed introduction to base and prime editors.
  • Summary of AI applications in optimizing editing systems, predicting efficiency, and designing strategies.

Main Results:

  • Overview of historical and current genome editing tools.
  • Highlighting advanced applications of base and prime editors in plants.
  • Identifying AI's role in improving editing system optimization, efficiency prediction, and strategy design.

Conclusions:

  • Genome editing technologies offer extensive applications, especially in plant breeding for trait improvement.
  • The synergy between advanced genome editing tools and AI promises innovative solutions for global challenges.
  • Future prospects include enhanced precision, efficiency, and broader utilization of genome editing for health, prosperity, and sustainability.