Entomopathogenic fungi: insights into recent understanding

Area of Science:

• * Agricultural Science
• * Mycology
• * Entomology

Background:

• * Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are microorganisms that infect and kill insects.
• * They can also live symbiotically within plants as endophytes, providing benefits like stress resistance and growth promotion.
• * EPF are gaining attention for their potential in eco-friendly pest management in agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review the current understanding of entomopathogenic fungi.
• * To cover their history, classification, evolutionary aspects, and infection mechanisms.
• * To highlight their role as sustainable, eco-friendly pest control agents.

Main Methods:

• * Literature review of historical identifications, landmark studies, and classifications of EPF.
• * Discussion of the evolutionary standpoint of EPF.
• * Examination of insect infection mechanisms, focusing on cuticular penetration.
• * Emphasis on the eco-friendly attributes of EPF for sustainable agriculture.

Main Results:

• * EPF exhibit dual roles as insect pathogens and plant endophytes.
• * They possess effective mechanisms for insect cuticle penetration and infection.
• * Their application in agriculture offers a sustainable and environmentally sound approach to pest control.

Conclusions:

• * Entomopathogenic fungi represent a promising avenue for integrated pest management.
• * Their ability to enhance plant defense and growth, coupled with pest control, underscores their value.
• * EPF provide a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, addressing environmental concerns in agriculture.