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Democracy Matters for Child Health
Katherine Hoops1,2, Phillip Cohen1, Lee Goeddel1
1Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, https://ror.org/00za53h95Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States.
Summary
Stronger democracies are linked to lower child mortality rates, particularly for young girls. Declining global democracy trends necessitate attention to fundamental rights to improve child survival.
Area of Science:
- Political Science
- Public Health
- Demographic Studies
Background:
- The relationship between democracy and health outcomes is complex, influenced by various societal factors.
- Understanding specific democratic attributes' impact on health is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how individual attributes of democracy affect child mortality rates.
- Specifically focusing on mortality among female children under five years of age.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational cohort study (1975-2021).
- Utilized data from 173 countries.
- Data sources include Global State of Democracy Indices (GSoD) and UN Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN-IGME).
Main Results:
- A positive association exists between the strength of democracy and improved population health.
- Stronger democracies correlate with reduced female child mortality, even when controlling for income and time.
- Protections of civil rights show the most significant impact on child mortality rates.
Conclusions:
- Decreases in democracy are associated with increases in child mortality.
- Global declines in democracy and erosion of fundamental rights warrant concern for child survival advocates.
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