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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
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Ultrasonography01:17

Ultrasonography

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Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
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Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

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[Focus on the shoulder : Precise diagnostics for complex pathological alterations].

S Albers1, M Zyskowski1, P Zehnder1

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, München, Deutschland.

Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|May 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A systematic shoulder examination, including history, inspection, palpation, and functional tests, is crucial for accurate diagnosis. This structured approach aids in identifying shoulder joint injuries and conditions.

Keywords:
Long head of the biceps tendonPainRotator cuffShoulder impingement syndromeShoulder instability

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The shoulder joint's complex structure, comprising three main and two auxiliary joints, allows extensive mobility.
  • Joint stability relies heavily on muscles and ligaments, predisposing it to injuries, overuse, and degenerative conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a systematic approach for examining the shoulder joint.
  • To emphasize the importance of a structured examination for accurate diagnosis of shoulder pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • The systematic examination protocol involves anamnesis (patient history), visual inspection, palpation of anatomical structures, assessment of range of motion, and specific functional tests.
  • Inspection focuses on movement patterns, muscle atrophy, and malalignments.
  • Palpation assesses bone and soft tissue structures.
  • Functional tests differentiate pathological alterations.

Main Results:

  • A structured examination enables precise diagnosis of shoulder conditions.
  • The examination process helps identify specific issues related to muscles, ligaments, and joint structures.
  • Findings from the physical examination can guide the need for supplementary imaging.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive and systematic shoulder examination is essential for effective clinical practice.
  • Accurate diagnosis through structured physical assessment is key to appropriate patient management and treatment planning.
  • This methodology supports the integration of physical examination findings with advanced imaging techniques for optimal patient outcomes.