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Refraining from cigarette smoking before premedication does not decrease the risk of acid pulmonary aspiration during

B Adelhøj, O U Petring, B N Jensen

    Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal
    |September 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Smoking before surgery did not alter gastric volume or pH in habitual smokers. Acute cessation of smoking does not reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration in surgical patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Pulmonary aspiration is a risk during anesthesia.
    • Gastric volume and pH are key factors in aspiration risk.
    • Smoking habits may influence gastric contents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if smoking two cigarettes before surgery affects gastric content volume and pH.
    • To assess the impact of acute smoking cessation on aspiration risk factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Randomized controlled trial involving 74 habitual smokers undergoing elective orthopedic surgery.
    • Participants were divided into a smoking group (2 cigarettes pre-medication) and a non-smoking group.
    • Gastric content volume and pH measured post-intubation and pre-extubation.

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    Main Results:

    • No statistically significant difference in gastric volume between the smoking and non-smoking groups.
    • No statistically significant difference in gastric pH between the smoking and non-smoking groups.
    • Findings were consistent at both post-intubation and pre-extubation time points.

    Conclusions:

    • Smoking two cigarettes prior to premedication does not significantly alter gastric volume or pH in habitual smokers.
    • Acute cessation of smoking before surgery does not appear to decrease the risk of acid pulmonary aspiration.
    • Preoperative smoking status may not be a modifiable factor for reducing aspiration risk in this context.