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Optical coherence tomography biomarkers and visual functions in tuberculous meningitis: an observational study
Shweta Singh1, Deepika Verma2, Sanjiv Kumar Gupta2
1Ophthalmology Department, King George's Medical College Chowk, Lucknow, U.P., 226003, India. 1993shweta26@gmail.com.
Purpose:
To evaluate changes in optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters and visual function in Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) patients during a short-term follow-up period. A prospective case-control observational study was performed at a Medical University from August 2020 to July 2021.
Method:
A study was conducted at a medical institute in Northern India, including 52 patients with TBM who presented within one month of systemic symptoms. Optical Coherence Tomography parameters, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, central sub-foveal thickness (CST), cube average thickness (CAT), and visual function were evaluated at the time of presentation and after one month of follow-up period.
Results:
The study included 52 TBM patients, the mean age was 27 (51.9%) and 25 (48.1%) years, out of 52 patients, 24 (46.2%) were male, and 28 (53.8%) were female. OCT revealed significant thickening of the RNFL, mean of 108.7 μm in the right eye and 108.69 μm in the left eye after 1 month of diagnosis. No significant difference was found between macular parameters (CST, CAT) and visual functions.
Conclusions:
OCT biomarkers, particularly RNFL thickness, are significantly altered in TBM patients, indicating its potential as a sensitive marker for monitoring retinal changes. The macula appears to be spared in the early phase of TBM, and visual acuity remains relatively unaffected in the short-term follow-up.
