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A Case Control Study to Assess Frequency, Risk Factors and Genetic Diversity of Entamoeba gingivalis
Elahe Tahmasebi1, Mohamad Ghanimatdan2, Samira Hajisadeghi1
1Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Oral Diseases
|May 27, 2025
Summary
Entamoeba gingivalis, a parasite found in dental plaque, is more prevalent in individuals with periodontal disease. Poor oral hygiene, like not flossing, increases infection risk.
Area of Science:
- Oral microbiology
- Parasitology
- Periodontology
Background:
- Entamoeba gingivalis is a protozoan parasite found in the human oral cavity.
- Its association with periodontal diseases requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis subtypes ST1 and ST2-Kamaktli in dental plaque.
- To assess the association between Entamoeba gingivalis infection and periodontal status.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 159 participants (periodontitis, gingivitis, healthy).
- Dental plaque samples analyzed using nested PCR and DNA sequencing.
- Risk factors assessed via questionnaire.
Main Results:
- Overall Entamoeba gingivalis prevalence was 17.6%, significantly higher in periodontitis patients (28.3%) than healthy controls (7.5%).
- ST1 was the predominant subtype (75%), followed by ST2-Kamaktli (25%).
- Lower education and lack of dental flossing were significant risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Entamoeba gingivalis is more prevalent in periodontal disease, suggesting a potential role in oral pathology.
- Identifying and addressing risk factors like poor oral hygiene is crucial for prevention and treatment.
