Synthesis, Reaction and Biological Activity of Thiazoles

The current review aimed to provide an understanding of the preparation, reactions, and biological action of thiazoles. The purpose of this review was to focus on the progress made in the synthesis of physiologically effective thiazole products with their interactions. A combinatorial approach was proposed, and extensive attempts were made in the search for thiazoles by chemists in many domains due to the information of multiple artificial pathways and variable physics-chemical factors of thiazoles. In this regard, the biological activities linked to thiazole and the processes used in its production were thoroughly discussed in this study. The research period covered in this review was from 1905 to 2024, providing a useful and convenient strategy for the synthesis of numerous thiazole derivatives. Moreover, research on such reactions is still ongoing and undoubtedly will provide new fused functionalized compounds of both industrial and biological interests. A literature survey revealed that a great deal of interest has been focused on the synthesis and reaction of thiazoles due to their wide range of biological activities. Remarkable insights into different synthetic paths and modified physical-chemical features of such thiazoles would be helpful for chemists worldwide.