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Related Experiment Video

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Conformable Wearable Electrodes: From Fabrication to Electrophysiological Assessment

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Novel Flexible Organic Photoplethysmogram Sensor for Continuous Cardiovascular Monitoring.

Shubham Kumar^1,2, Rashi Kedia^1,2, Arti Bisht³

¹CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India.

|May 27, 2025

Summary

A new flexible organic photodetector enables a wearable sensor for continuous cardiovascular monitoring. This device accurately measures pulse, respiration, and blood pressure noninvasively using photoplethysmography.

Keywords:

PPG sensor blood pressure cardiovascular monitoring flexible sensor organic photodetector pulse rate respiration rate

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Biomedical Engineering
Optoelectronics

Background:

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is crucial for noninvasive cardiovascular monitoring.
Existing PPG sensors often lack flexibility and continuous monitoring capabilities.
Development of advanced photodetectors is needed for next-generation wearable health devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a flexible organic photodetector (OPD) for a flexible organic photoplethysmography sensor (FOPS).
To enable continuous, real-time monitoring of vital cardiovascular parameters.
To assess the FOPS's performance in measuring pulse rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of an OPD using a PCDTBT:PC71BM active layer on a flexible substrate.
Optoelectronic characterization of the OPD, including response time and on/off current ratio.
Utilizing the FOPS in reflection and transmission modes with green and red light sources to capture PPG signals.
Analyzing PPG signals for cardiovascular parameter estimation, including cuff-based and cuff-less blood pressure measurement techniques.

Main Results:

The FOPS exhibited excellent visible spectrum absorption and high-performance optoelectronic characteristics.
Accurate detection of photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals was achieved in both reflection and transmission modes.
Successful measurement of pulse rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure was demonstrated.
The device showed potential for both cuff-based and cuff-less blood pressure monitoring via artificial neural networks.

Conclusions:

The developed flexible organic photodetector sensor (FOPS) is a promising technology for wearable cardiovascular health monitoring.
The device offers a user-friendly, noninvasive approach for continuous, real-time vital sign tracking.
Integration into wearable medical technology could significantly advance remote patient monitoring and personal healthcare.