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Phase Transition during Sintering of Layered Transition Metal Oxide Sodium Cathodes
1State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Nano Letters
|May 27, 2025
Summary
Precursor morphology critically impacts sodium ion battery cathode performance. Regular precursors yield uniform sodium diffusion and superior electrochemical properties, unlike irregular ones.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Layered cathodes are key for sodium ion batteries (SIBs).
- Understanding structure evolution during sintering is crucial for SIB cathode development.
- Precursor material morphology's role in SIB cathode synthesis is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of precursor morphology on the structural evolution and electrochemical performance of O3-NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 cathodes.
- To elucidate the relationship between precursor structure and phase transition dynamics during SIB cathode synthesis.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of O3-NaNi0.4Fe0.2Mn0.4O2 cathodes from irregular and regular precursors under identical calcination conditions.
- Comprehensive structural and electrochemical analysis.
Main Results:
- Irregular precursors led to heterogeneous Na+ diffusion, forming a rock-salt phase core and R3̅m shell, causing phase transitions and pores.
- Regular quasi-spherical precursors enabled uniform Na+ diffusion, facilitating optimal phase evolution.
- Cathodes from regular precursors exhibited superior electrochemical performance.
Conclusions:
- Precursor morphology significantly dictates the solid-state sodiation process and phase evolution in layered SIB cathodes.
- Rational design of precursor morphology is essential for developing high-performance SIB cathodes.
- This study provides insights for optimizing layered cathode synthesis for sodium ion batteries.
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