Hot prospects: harnessing thermophilic microbes for syngas fermentation

Syngas fermentation is emerging as a promising avenue for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. Primarily consisting of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen, and carbon dioxide, syngas can be produced by the gasification of sustainable feedstocks such as waste or biomass. Mesophilic carboxydotrophs, microorganisms capable of using CO, have received considerable attention and commercial success in the context of syngas fermentation. However, exploration of their thermophilic counterparts with the advantages of higher growth rates, improved tolerance to contaminants, and enhanced robustness remains limited. Capitalising on these unique attributes could improve the efficiency, productivity, and sustainability of syngas fermentation. This review summarises and explores carboxydotrophic thermophiles, assessing both promises and challenges associated with their application in syngas fermentation processes.