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Inhibitory pattern recognition receptors: lessons from LAIR1
M Inês Pascoal Ramos1,2, Michiel van der Vlist2,3, Linde Meyaard4,5
1Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Champalimaud Research, Physiology and Cancer Programme, Lisbon, Portugal.
Nature Reviews. Immunology
|May 27, 2025
Summary
Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR1) is an inhibitory receptor recognizing diverse ligands. Targeting LAIR1 shows promise for cancer therapy by modulating immune balance.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Inhibitory receptors regulate immune responses by binding specific ligands.
- Inhibitory pattern recognition receptors (iPRRs) recognize structurally similar ligands.
- Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR1) is an iPRR expressed on most immune cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on LAIR1 as a prototypic iPRR.
- To discuss the regulation and function of LAIR1.
- To explore LAIR1's role in immune balance, disease, and therapeutic potential.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific publications on LAIR1.
- Analysis of LAIR1's ligand-binding properties.
- Discussion of LAIR1's signaling pathways and immune cell regulation.
Main Results:
- LAIR1 recognizes a common structural pattern in collagens and related proteins.
- LAIR1 signaling influences various immune cell populations.
- LAIR1 plays roles in homeostasis, infection, inflammation, and cancer.
Conclusions:
- LAIR1 is a key regulator of immune balance.
- Targeting LAIR1 is a focus of cancer clinical trials.
- Understanding LAIR1 regulation is crucial for therapeutic strategies.
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