Post-Translational Modifications in Multiple Myeloma: Mechanisms of Drug Resistance and Therapeutic Opportunities

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos
07:24

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

Published on: December 13, 2018

6.9K

Shuoyang Hu1, Jirun Xu1, Weiyan Cui1

  • 1Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.

Biomolecules
|May 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Multiple myeloma (MM) drug resistance is driven by altered protein modifications (PTMs). Targeting PTM pathways offers new strategies to overcome resistance and improve MM treatment outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Hematologic Malignancies
  • Cancer Biology
  • Molecular Oncology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable blood cancer characterized by acquired drug resistance.
  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial in regulating protein functions and MM pathogenesis.
  • Dysregulated PTMs significantly contribute to therapeutic resistance in relapsed or refractory MM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the mechanisms of PTMs in mediating drug resistance in MM.
  • To explore the impact of PTMs on signaling pathways, metabolism, and the tumor microenvironment in MM.
  • To discuss emerging PTM-targeted therapies for overcoming MM drug resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of PTMs' roles in modulating drug targets and cellular processes.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of PTM-related signaling in MM.

Main Results:

  • Dysregulated PTMs influence protein stability, function, and interactions, promoting resistance to therapies like PIs and IMiDs.
  • PTMs impact key signaling pathways, metabolic reprogramming, and the tumor microenvironment, contributing to MM drug resistance.
  • Altered PTMs affect drug uptake, target sensitivity, and cell survival mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • PTMs are critical regulators of drug resistance in multiple myeloma.
  • Targeting PTM-related pathways presents a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance treatment efficacy.
  • Further research into PTMs can lead to improved patient outcomes in MM.
Keywords:
drug resistanceimmunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs)multiple myelomapost-translational modificationsproteasome inhibitors (PIs)signaling pathwaystherapeutic targetstumor microenvironment

More Related Videos

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice05:32

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

7.3K
Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis10:04

Establishment of a Human Multiple Myeloma Xenograft Model in the Chicken to Study Tumor Growth, Invasion and Angiogenesis

Published on: May 1, 2015

13.6K

Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.9K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.1K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
6.3K
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

1.5K
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
77
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
4.9K