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Human Microglia Models for NeuroHIV.

Priyanka Sarkar1, Xu Wang1, Wenhui Hu2

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.

Viruses
|May 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Investigating HIV in the brain requires reliable microglial models. This review evaluates current human microglial models for their suitability in NeuroHIV research, addressing challenges in studying HIV infection.

Keywords:
HIVinduced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia (iMg)microgliamicroglia-containing cerebral organoids (MCOs) from iPSCsperipheral blood monocyte-derived microglia (MMG)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Microglia are key targets for HIV in the central nervous system (CNS), contributing to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).
  • Studying microglial HIV infection is difficult due to limited primary human microglial cell availability.
  • Existing microglial models for HIV research show conflicting data on marker expression and HIV receptor presence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize current human microglial models used in NeuroHIV research.
  • To assess the suitability and applicability of these models for studying acute and latent HIV infection.
  • To address inconsistencies in published data regarding microglial marker and HIV receptor expression in these models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing human microglial models for HIV studies.
  • Analysis of data on microglial marker expression and HIV entry receptors in various models.
  • Evaluation of model feasibility and applicability for acute and latent HIV infection studies.

Main Results:

  • Various models exist, including cell lines, iPSC-derived microglia (iMg), and microglia-containing cerebral organoids (MCOs).
  • Conflicting reports exist regarding specific human microglia marker expression and HIV entry receptor presence across models.
  • Limited information is available on the suitability of these models for acute and/or latent HIV infection.

Conclusions:

  • Current human microglial models present challenges for NeuroHIV research due to conflicting data and limited applicability.
  • Further validation and standardization of microglial models are needed for reliable HIV infection studies.
  • This review highlights the need for careful model selection in NeuroHIV research.