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Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix
Published on: October 20, 2021
Higher Rates of Viral Evolution in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Linked to Predicted T Cell Epitopes
Magnus Illum Dalegaard1,2, Anni Winckelmann1,2, Ulrik Fahnøe1,2,3
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark.
Abstract:
The impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity and evolution on disease progression is not well-understood. This study aims to compare intra-individual viral evolution in two groups of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, using antiviral treatment initiation as a measure of lack of immunological control. From the Danish Database for Hepatitis B and C (DANHEP), 25 CHB patients were included; 14 with antiviral treatment initiation (TI group), and 11 without (NTI group). For each patient, three serial plasma samples taken before potential treatment initiation were selected. HBV DNA was amplified by PCR and analyzed by next-generation sequencing. HBV DNA and alanine transaminase were elevated in the TI group throughout the study period. Significantly higher substitution rates in the NTI group versus the TI group were found both within the viral population and at consensus level. Putative predicted CD8+ T cell epitopes contained significantly more substitutions in the NTI group. Genome-wide association analysis revealed several amino acid residues in the HBV genome associated with treatment initiation. This study shows that HBV has a higher rate of substitutions in CHB patients not requiring treatment. This could be linked to host immune pressure leading to disease control.
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