Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

5.8K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.8K
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

5.9K
The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
5.9K
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

6.9K
The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
6.9K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

4.1K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
4.1K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

40.8K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
40.8K
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

6.3K
Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
6.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of Comorbidities on Short-Term Postoperative Complications Following total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A TriNetX Study.

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews·2026
Same author

Tranexamic acid in high-risk shoulder arthroplasty patients: safety across thromboembolic, cardiac, renal, and neurologic risk profiles.

Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery·2026
Same author

Changing Demographic and Treatment Trends of Proximal Humerus Fractures: A TriNetX Analysis of 74,781 Patients.

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews·2025
Same author

Comparison of Restricted Versus Liberal Postsurgical Ambulation Protocols on Outcomes After Lumbar Fusion Surgery.

Spine·2025
Same author

Health-Related Quality of Life of Individuals with Physical Disabilities in Childhood.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Evaluating the Association Between Physical Therapy Variables and Outcomes After Lumbar Fusion.

Clinical spine surgery·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

18.4K

Understanding the importance of peak bone mass.

Timothy Hereford1, Alec Kellish2, Julie Balch Samora3

  • 1Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE, USA.

Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America
|May 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Maximizing peak bone mass during childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong skeletal health. Understanding modifiable factors can help prevent osteoporosis later in life.

Keywords:
Bone healthPeak bone massVitamin D

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
06:59

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

3.8K
Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
09:43

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

18.4K
Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
06:59

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

3.8K
Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics
09:43

Using Real-Time Cell Metabolic Flux Analyzer to Monitor Osteoblast Bioenergetics

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.8K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Peak bone mass, attained by the end of the second decade, is a key determinant of lifelong skeletal health.
  • Bone mineral content accrual is exponential during childhood, with 40%-60% of adult bone mass gained during puberty.
  • Fracture risk increases during adolescent growth spurts when bone mineralization lags behind rapid body size increases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical importance of maximizing peak bone mass.
  • To identify factors that can modify and maintain peak bone mass throughout life.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on bone mass accrual, determinants of peak bone mass, and skeletal remodeling.
  • Analysis of factors influencing bone mineral density from childhood through adulthood.

Main Results:

  • Peak bone mass is achieved by the end of the second decade of life.
  • Childhood and adolescence represent a critical window for establishing bone health.
  • Risk factors for adult osteoporosis originate in childhood, highlighting the importance of early intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Maximizing peak bone mass is essential for preventing osteoporosis and ensuring skeletal integrity in later life.
  • Both modifiable and non-modifiable factors influence peak bone mass attainment and maintenance.
  • Interventions targeting modifiable risk factors can significantly impact lifelong bone health.