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Modulation of pain by ketones: a mini-review
Lana L Heslop1, Douglas E Wright1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States.
American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
|May 28, 2025
Summary
Ketones, produced during ketogenesis, offer therapeutic potential for neurological diseases and pain management. Emerging research highlights their role in modulating pain pathways and treating conditions like epilepsy and diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Neuroscience
- Metabolic Medicine
Background:
- Ketones (ketone bodies) are organic molecules produced in the liver during ketogenesis.
- They serve as metabolic messengers and fuel sources, particularly when blood glucose is low.
- A ketogenic diet promotes ketogenesis and ketone utilization by non-hepatic tissues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the benefits of ketones for neurological diseases.
- To review the role of ketones in modulating pain and nociceptive systems.
- To discuss preclinical findings on the mechanisms of ketone-mediated pain reduction.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of preclinical studies.
- Analysis of research on ketone bodies and their effects.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding neurological and pain-related applications.
Main Results:
- Ketones show therapeutic interest for epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes.
- Preclinical evidence suggests ketones can modulate acute and chronic pain.
- Potential mechanisms for pain reduction by ketones are being investigated.
Conclusions:
- Ketones represent a promising therapeutic avenue for various neurological conditions.
- Further research into ketone metabolism and function may unlock new pain management strategies.
- The ketogenic diet's role in enhancing ketone utilization warrants continued investigation.
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