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Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Stress-induced and anchoring-programmed smectic layer architectures.

Jin-Bing Wu1, Geng Chen2, Daoxing Luo1

  • 1College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China. huwei@nju.edu.cn.

Soft Matter
|May 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical stress transforms liquid crystal structures into zigzag patterns, enabling precise control over hierarchical architectures. This breakthrough offers new possibilities for advanced optics and photonics applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Large-area ordered stimuli-responsive systems are crucial for nanotechnology.
  • Entropy-driven self-organization in soft matter presents significant challenges.
  • Controlling the architecture of layered liquid crystal systems is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of mechanical stress for regulating layered structures in smectic A liquid crystals.
  • To demonstrate the creation of hierarchical architectures using patterned surface anchoring.
  • To explore the optical properties and potential applications of the engineered structures.

Main Methods:

  • Applying mechanical stress to induce transformations in liquid crystal structures.
  • Utilizing patterned surface anchoring to create hierarchical designs.
  • Investigating molecular tilt instability and dislocation dynamics under stress.
  • Analyzing diffractions and imaging functions based on incident polarization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved direct transformation from focal conic domains (FCDs) to periodic zigzag FCDs (ZFCDs) via mechanical stress.
  • Demonstrated unprecedented hierarchical architectures of ZFCDs through patterned surface anchoring.
  • Showcased controlled manipulation (deflecting, bending) of ZFCDs using preprogrammed photoalignment patterns.
  • Verified two-fold rotationally symmetric diffractive and imaging functions dependent on linear polarization.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical stress offers a versatile method for creating hierarchical architectures in smectic layered systems.
  • The study advances the understanding of soft matter self-organization and response to external stimuli.
  • The developed techniques hold potential for applications in advanced optics and photonics.