Fludioxonil Resistance in Fusarium fujikuroi: Biological Characteristics and Resistance Mechanisms

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Feng Zhou1,2, Minghan Su1, Pengzhe Wang1

  • 1School of Plant Protection and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.

Plant Disease
|May 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Fusarium fujikuroi resistance to fludioxonil fungicide is linked to mutations in the Ffos-1 protein. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing rice bakanae disease and fungicide efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Pathology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Rice bakanae disease (RBD), caused by Fusarium fujikuroi, poses a significant threat to global rice production.
  • Fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrole fungicide, is effective against F. fujikuroi, but resistance mechanisms are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fludioxonil sensitivity of F. fujikuroi isolates.
  • To characterize the mechanisms of fludioxonil resistance in F. fujikuroi.
  • To identify potential cross-resistance patterns with other fungicides.

Main Methods:

  • Collected and tested 101 F. fujikuroi isolates for fludioxonil sensitivity.
  • Generated laboratory mutants resistant to fludioxonil through repeated exposure.
  • Performed molecular analysis to identify mutations in the Ffos-1 gene and assessed gene expression.
  • Conducted cross-resistance assays with other fungicides.

Main Results:

  • Fludioxonil sensitivity varied among isolates, with an average EC50 of 0.3441 μg/ml.
  • Resistant mutants showed altered growth, sporulation, germination, pathogenicity, and osmotic stress tolerance.
  • Amino acid substitutions in Ffos-1 (e.g., A672P/T) were identified, reducing binding energy.
  • Ffos-1 expression was significantly upregulated in resistant mutants.
  • Cross-resistance was observed between fludioxonil and iprodione, but not other tested fungicides.

Conclusions:

  • Ffos-1 plays a critical role in fludioxonil action and the development of resistance in F. fujikuroi.
  • Mutations in Ffos-1 can lead to reduced fungicide efficacy.
  • Integrated disease management strategies are needed to delay the spread of fludioxonil resistance.
Keywords:
Fusarium fujikuroibiological characteristicscross-resistancefludioxonilrice bakanae disease

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