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Isolation of Nuclei from Flash-Frozen Liver Tissue for Single-Cell Multiomics
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Advancing liver metabolic zonation with single-cell and spatial omics.

Masanori Fujimoto1,2, Tomoaki Tanaka1,3

  • 1Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.

Endocrine Journal
|May 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Liver zonation, the spatial metabolic organization of hepatocytes, is crucial for liver function. Advanced omics technologies are revealing new insights into metabolic and immune zonation, impacting diseases like fatty liver and diabetes.

Keywords:
HormonesImmune zonationLiver metabolic zonationSingle-cell RNA-seqSpatial transcriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Molecular Biology
  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Liver Zonation Research

Background:

  • Hepatic metabolism is tightly controlled by hormones, adapting to diet and stress.
  • Metabolic zonation describes distinct hepatocyte roles along the liver's portal-to-central vein axis.
  • Traditional methods limited spatial analysis of gene expression and signaling in liver zones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review past and recent findings on metabolic zonation in the liver.
  • To explore the emerging concept of immune zonation and its metabolic implications.
  • To discuss the impact of hormonal regulation and advanced technologies on liver zonation research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hepatic metabolism and zonation.
  • Integration of findings from single-cell and spatial omics technologies.
  • Analysis of hormonal and immune cell influences on liver zonation.

Main Results:

  • Single-cell and spatial omics offer unprecedented spatial resolution of gene expression and signaling.
  • Immune zonation is recognized for its role in modulating liver metabolism.
  • New insights advance understanding of metabolic changes in fatty liver disease and diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced omics technologies are revolutionizing liver zonation research.
  • Understanding metabolic and immune zonation is key to addressing liver diseases.
  • Future research should focus on dynamic hormonal effects and disease-specific alterations.