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A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement
Published on: February 22, 2022
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Heterogeneous Exercise Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training Are Associated With Varied Long-Term
Tieh-Cheng Fu1,2, Shu-Chun Huang2,3,4, Shin-Sheng Yuan5
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan.
Journal of the American Heart Association
|May 29, 2025
Summary
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves survival in heart failure patients. Those who respond to HIIT with better cardiorespiratory fitness have significantly reduced cardiovascular events and death.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Exercise Physiology
- Heart Failure Management
Background:
- Investigated exercise response heterogeneity in heart failure patients.
- Examined the role of exercise adaptations in patient survival and readmissions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on heart failure patient outcomes.
- To identify physiological adaptations to HIIT and their mediating effects on survival and cardiovascular events.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 182 heart failure patients undergoing 36 HIIT sessions.
- Patients classified as responders or non-responders based on peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) improvement.
- Analysis of long-term survival, readmissions, and mediating factors using causal mediation analysis.
Main Results:
- 21% of patients were classified as non-responders to HIIT.
- Responders showed significantly greater improvements in VO2peak, oxygen uptake efficiency slope, and skeletal muscle mass.
- 14-year cardiovascular event-free survival was higher in responders (91.3%) than non-responders (76.8%).
- Higher VO2peak and male sex were protective factors against cardiovascular death and readmissions, respectively.
- VO2peak mediated HIIT's effect on all-cause death; heart rate reserve mediated effects on cardiovascular readmissions.
Conclusions:
- HIIT elicits varied physiological adaptations in heart failure patients.
- Improved cardiorespiratory fitness is a key factor in reducing cardiovascular events for heart failure patients.
- Personalized exercise prescription may optimize outcomes in heart failure management.
Keywords:
event‐free survivalexercise response heterogeneityheart failurehigh‐intensity interval trainingmediationMore Related Videos
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