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Updated: Jan 18, 2026

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Health Disparities in Rhinology-A Scoping Review.

Jaynelle Gao1, Ryan S Chung1, Zara Mubin1

  • 1Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

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|May 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights health disparities in rhinology research, finding most studies detect but do not reduce these inequities. Future research should focus on understanding and reducing disparities in rhinology care.

Keywords:
Kilbourne frameworkchronic rhinosinusitishealth equitynasopharyngeal carcinomasocial determinants of health

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Health Services Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Health disparities in rhinology remain a significant concern.
  • Existing research needs systematic evaluation to identify trends and gaps.
  • Understanding these disparities is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the existing health disparities research in rhinology.
  • To identify key themes, research gaps, and future opportunities in the field.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of rhinology health disparities literature.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science.
  • Studies were included if they focused on US populations and rhinology health disparities, adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, followed by data extraction.

Main Results:

  • 139 studies met the inclusion criteria, with most published after 2001.
  • Race/ethnicity, gender/sex, and socioeconomic status were the most studied disparity factors.
  • Chronic rhinosinusitis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma were the most frequent topics; most studies focused on detecting disparities, not reducing them.

Conclusions:

  • The current body of rhinology health disparities research is predominantly focused on detection rather than intervention.
  • There is a critical need for research aimed at understanding the root causes of these disparities.
  • Future studies should prioritize developing and testing interventions to reduce health inequities in rhinology.