A review of recent advances in gene therapy, pharmacogenomics, and genetic polymorphisms in asthma

Several hereditary and environmental variables contribute to an individual's susceptibility to developing asthma. The pathophysiologic underpinnings of asthma are becoming better understood by ongoing genetic investigations. Most risk factors are differences in one or two base pairs or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Moreover, pharmacogenetics is a significant area of study in asthma genetics; this branch of the field examines the interplay between genes and environmental factors, with pharmacologic medication exposure serving as the environmental factor and phenotypic change as the result of interest. Asthma is an obvious candidate for gene therapy (GT) because of the disease's accessibility and the shortcomings of existing treatments. The functional effect of polymorphisms linked with asthma and their translation into disease-relevant pathways have been obfuscated since almost all of these variations are located in non-coding genomic areas. Repurposing current asthma medications and developing novel therapies may be possible with the help of genomics-guided identification of potential therapeutic targets for the condition. Further research using genomics data and tools to map and identify the relevant gene(s) and phenotype-specific SNPs is needed to understand better the processes involved in asthma's etiology and use pharmacogenomics to develop better medications for tailored treatment plans. This study uses fresh research to investigate the link between heredity and asthma. This research aimed to examine the impact of pharmacogenetic variables and gene therapies on the responsiveness to asthma therapy.