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Polymorphism of the fourth complement component in the dog.

G Doxiadis, V Rebmann, I Doxiadis

    Immunobiology
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Polymorphism in the canine fourth complement component (C4) was analyzed in mixed-breed dogs and beagles. Findings suggest potential linkage disequilibrium and evidence for two C4 gene loci in dogs.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunogenetics
    • Canine genetics
    • Complement system biology

    Background:

    • The fourth complement component (C4) is crucial for innate and adaptive immunity.
    • Understanding C4 polymorphism is vital for canine health and disease research.
    • Canine leukocyte antigen (DLA) system influences immune responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the genetic polymorphism of the canine C4.
    • To determine C4 gene frequencies in different dog populations.
    • To explore potential associations between C4 variants and DLA antigens.

    Main Methods:

    • Serological analysis of C4 variants in 118 mixed-breed dogs and 73 beagles.
    • Gene frequency calculations for identified C4 variants.
    • Linkage disequilibrium analysis between DLA antigens and C4 variants.

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  • Biochemical characterization of canine C4 alpha chain.

    • Main Results:

    • Five C4 variants (C4*1, C4*2, C4*21, C4*3, C4*4) identified in mixed breeds with distinct frequencies.
    • Four C4 variants (C4*2, C4*21, C4*3, C4*4) found in beagles with different frequencies.
    • Positive linkage disequilibrium observed between specific DLA antigens and C4 variants.
    • Biochemical analysis revealed a double-banding pattern for the C4 alpha chain.

    Conclusions:

    • Canine C4 exhibits significant polymorphism across different breeds.
    • Evidence suggests the presence of two distinct gene loci for C4 in dogs.
    • Linkage between DLA and C4 warrants further investigation for immune function implications.