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Monoclonal antibodies which react with lymphocyte-lysed target cells and which cross-react with complement-lysed
Immunology
|September 1, 1985
Summary
Researchers developed monoclonal antibodies targeting human natural killing (NK) systems. These antibodies suggest a link between lymphocyte-mediated killing and the complement membrane attack complex, potentially sharing a common origin.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Natural Killer (NK) cells and complement are crucial for innate immunity.
- Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a key immune mechanism mediated by lymphocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular mechanisms of lymphocyte-mediated killing.
- To explore potential relationships between NK cell activity, ADCC, and the complement system.
Main Methods:
- Generation of monoclonal antibodies against human natural killing systems.
- Screening antibodies against targets lysed by lymphocytes (ADCC) and complement.
- Detailed analysis of antibody binding and functional effects on cytotoxicity.
Main Results:
- Two monoclonal antibodies specifically bound to targets lysed by both ADCC and complement.
- One antibody inhibited ADCC (intact and F(ab')2 fragment) and enhanced NK killing (intact antibody only).
- The F(ab')2 fragment of the antibody inhibited NK killing.
Conclusions:
- Lymphocyte-mediated killing may involve a complex analogous to the complement membrane attack complex.
- Evidence suggests shared antigenic determinants between lymphocyte-mediated killing complexes and the complement membrane attack complex.
- These findings indicate a possible evolutionary link and common ancestry between the complement and lymphocyte-mediated killing systems.