Evaluation of Vitamin D Levels in a Military Associated Population With Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common condition that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Despite extensive research, its etiology remains unclear, though it is believed to be multifactorial. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in modulating innate and adaptive immune responses, making it a potential factor in RAS pathogenesis, which may be linked to immune dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and RAS in a North American military-centric population.

A total of 92 subjects were included: 46 with RAS and 46 without a history of aphthous lesions. Demographic data, including age, gender, and ethnicity, were recorded. Serum vitamin D levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence.

The mean serum vitamin D level in the RAS group was 23.7±9.4 ng/mL, while the control group had a mean level of 21.6±9.5 ng/mL. Both groups were vitamin D deficient, and no statistically significant difference was found between them. Although no differences were observed regarding age and ethnicity, a significant difference was noted based on gender.

Serum vitamin D levels did not differ significantly between individuals with and without RAS. These findings suggest that vitamin D deficiency alone may not be a determining factor in RAS pathogenesis.