Implementation of TRAF3IP2 and SIGIRR gene polymorphisms and their expression levels in autoimmune thyroid diseases

Genetics plays a crucial role in the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). This study evaluated the relationship between TRAF3IP2 and SIGIRR gene expression, their polymorphisms (rs13210247 and rs7396562, respectively), and AITDs risk. Gene expression and polymorphism genotyping were assessed by real-time PCR in 150 participants (50 GD, 50 HT, and 50 controls). TRAF3IP2 expression was considerably higher in GD and HT in contrast to controls. Regression analysis of TRAF3IP2 rs13210247 demonstrated a significant association with GD and HT risk. The AG genotype proved a considerable relationship with GD risk. At the same time, the AG genotype and the G allele exhibited a notable relationship with HT incidence. SIGIRR expression was notably downregulated in GD and HT versus controls. For rs7396562, the regression analysis demonstrated that the CA, AA, CA+AA genotypes, and A allele significantly correlated with GD risk. They are also notably linked with HT risk. We concluded that altered TRAF3IP2 and SIGIRR gene expression and their genetic variants may contribute to AITDs susceptibility.