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Insights into ROL-driven and ROS-mediated metalloid oxidation and sequestration in the soil-rice iron barrier system.

Jing-Min Yang1, Xin Wang1, Dong-Xing Guan2

  • 1School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|May 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by radial oxygen loss (ROL) in rice roots effectively immobilize arsenic (As). This study shows ROS accumulation on root surfaces, driven by iron amendments, significantly oxidizes As and reduces its uptake in grains.

Keywords:
ArsenicIron barriersPaddy soilRadial oxygen loss (ROL)Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Arsenic (As) contamination in paddy soils poses risks to rice safety.
  • Soil-rice iron barriers are a promising remediation strategy.
  • Understanding the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in arsenic transformation is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ROS mediated by radial oxygen loss (ROL) in arsenic remediation.
  • To examine As transformation pathways at soil-root interfaces using different rice varieties and amendments.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of ROS-driven As immobilization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high- and low-ROL rice varieties with zero-valent iron (ZVI) and steel slag amendments.
  • Analyzed As transformation pathways at soil-root interfaces and in bulk soil.
  • Employed ROS-capturing membranes for in situ visualization of ROS accumulation.
  • Conducted path analysis to determine the relationship between ROS production and As proportion.

Main Results:

  • ZVI and steel slag amendments significantly increased iron content in soil and iron plaque.
  • Substantial oxidation of As(III) to As(V) occurred on root surfaces, reaching 59.3%-74.3% As(V)/total As.
  • Localized ROS accumulation was confirmed at root surfaces, correlating positively with As(V) proportion.
  • Indirect reduction in grain inorganic As was observed due to ROS-driven immobilization.

Conclusions:

  • Localized ROS production at the soil-root interface plays a critical role in arsenic immobilization.
  • Iron amendments enhance ROS generation and As oxidation on root surfaces.
  • Rhizosphere-targeted strategies leveraging ROS are effective for arsenic remediation in contaminated paddy systems.