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Related Experiment Video

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Stimuli-Responsive MXene/PNIPAM Hydrogel WITH High-Performance and Tunable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Qian Yan1, Zonglin Liu1, Jinhua Xiong1

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|May 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed smart hydrogels that can switch electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding on and off. These materials offer tunable shielding performance for advanced flexible electronic devices.

Keywords:
MXene‐based hydrogelelectromagnetic interference shieldingsmart materialsstimuli response

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Smart electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with reversible responses are crucial for flexible electronic devices.
  • Existing materials often lack dynamic control over shielding capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate novel, stimuli-responsive hydrogels for switchable EMI shielding.
  • To investigate the relationship between hydrogel structure, water content, and EMI shielding performance.
  • To demonstrate real-time electrical switching of EMI shielding in a broad frequency range.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and MXene/PEDOT: PSS hybrid filler PPM hydrogels using ice-templated freeze-in-situ polymerization.
  • Anisotropic structural design for enhanced mechanical and conductive properties.
  • Utilizing thermal and light stimuli to dynamically alter internal water content and modulate EMI shielding.

Main Results:

  • PPM hydrogels exhibited tunable EMI shielding, transitioning from >50 dB (on) to ≈2 dB (off) in the X-band.
  • Quantitative adjustment of EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) from ≈59.3 dB to 15.5 dB with excellent repeatability.
  • Achieved real-time electrical switching of EMI shielding across a broad GHz frequency range (8.2-40 GHz) via dual stimuli-responsive modulation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PPM hydrogels offer a new model for dynamically switchable EMI shielding.
  • These smart hydrogels demonstrate significant potential for next-generation multifunctional electronics requiring on/off EMI shielding capabilities.