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Simulated selection for reproductive rate in beef cattle.

W C Russell

    Journal of Animal Science
    |August 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Computer simulations evaluated beef cattle selection strategies for reproductive success. Culling non-pregnant females, especially all non-pregnant females (method four), showed significant breeding value progress within 40 years.

    Area of Science:

    • Animal Science
    • Genetics
    • Reproductive Biology

    Background:

    • Reproductive success is crucial for beef cattle herd efficiency.
    • Selection strategies aim to improve traits like calving rates.
    • Computer simulations offer a method to evaluate these strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate four distinct selection strategies for reproductive success in beef cattle using computer simulation.
    • To assess the impact of different culling methods on breeding values and calving rates over time.

    Main Methods:

    • Computer simulations were employed to model four selection strategies: no culling, culling non-pregnant heifers, culling non-pregnant heifers and twice non-pregnant cows, and culling all non-pregnant females.
    • Heritability of reproduction was set at 0.2, with a normal distribution assumption.

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  • Simulations ran for 40 years, with some employing a strategy switch after 20 years.

    • Main Results:

    • All selection methods, except no culling, showed significant differences in breeding value regressions.
    • Method four (culling all non-pregnant females) demonstrated the most regular progress in breeding value, approximately 0.32 standard deviations over 40 years.
    • Calving rate improvement was more erratic but increased by approximately 7% with method four at an 80% initial calving rate.

    Conclusions:

    • Selection for reproductive success in beef cattle yields progress in breeding values and calving rates.
    • More intensive culling strategies, like culling all non-pregnant females, appear more effective for genetic gain.
    • Most of the improvement from any selection method was achieved within the first 20 years of simulation.