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The Impact of the COVID-19 on Physical Violence, Sexual Violence and Neglect Against Children: A Systematic Review

Tomomi Nakaike1, Dung Anh Nguyen2, Abdelrahman M Makram2,3

  • 1School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Japan.

Child: Care, Health and Development
|May 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly alter rates of child physical/sexual violence or neglect. Further self-reported studies are needed, especially in low- and middle-income countries, for a clearer understanding of child abuse.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Child Welfare

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted child protection services and increased parental stress.
  • Understanding the pandemic's impact on child violence and neglect is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of child physical and sexual violence and neglect before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To identify any significant changes in these forms of child maltreatment globally.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis (SR/MA) of 11 publications.
  • Searched 11 electronic databases in March 2022; registered protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42022377660).
  • Analyzed pooled odds ratios, with subgroup analyses by country and child sex.

Main Results:

  • No significant evidence found to suggest the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the prevalence of physical/sexual violence or neglect against children.
  • This finding remained consistent even after subgroup analyses by country and child sex.

Conclusions:

  • The study found no significant change in child physical/sexual violence or neglect rates before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Limitations include reliance on hospital records and child protection services; more self-reported data is recommended.
  • Further research, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, is needed for a comprehensive understanding of child abuse and neglect.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID‐19child abuselockdownviolence against children

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