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High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain
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Radial Hadamard-encoded 19F-MRI.

Kian Tadjalli Mehr1, Johannes Fischer2, Felix Spreter2

  • 1Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. kian.tadjalli.mehr@uniklinik-freiburg.de.

Magma (New York, N.Y.)
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Summary

This study developed a novel 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method using Hadamard encoding (HE) to effectively image the perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) tracer. The new technique suppresses chemical shift artifacts, enabling high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) imaging of myeloid cells in vivo.

Keywords:
Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingPerfluorocarbons

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Fluorine-19 (19F) Spectroscopy
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • 19F MRI offers unique molecular imaging capabilities.
  • Perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) is a promising tracer for tracking myeloid cell responses.
  • Imaging PFOB with 19F MRI is hindered by chemical shift artifacts due to its complex spectrum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a 19F MRI method for artifact-free imaging of the PFOB tracer.
  • To assess the efficacy of Hadamard encoding (HE) in suppressing chemical shift artifacts for PFOB imaging.
  • To evaluate the in vivo performance of the developed method in phantom and animal studies.

Main Methods:

  • A Hadamard-encoded (HE) radial 3D UTE sequence was implemented for 19F MRI.
  • The method was tested in phantoms and in vivo in a pig model.
  • 19F signal in the spleen was measured at various time points post-injection of PFOB.

Main Results:

  • Hadamard encoding (HE) effectively suppressed chemical shift artifacts in 19F PFOB imaging.
  • A high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) > 100 was achieved for the splenic 19F signal 2 days post-injection.
  • The 19F signal intensity decreased by 30% from day 2 to day 7 post-injection.

Conclusions:

  • HE-based 19F MRI enables artifact-free in vivo imaging of PFOB-labeled monocytes with high SNR.
  • HE improved the PFOB 19F-MRI signal by 10% compared to spectrally selective excitation.
  • The HE algorithm is simple and can be readily integrated into existing MRI system reconstruction pipelines.