A Comparative Study of Seizure in Elderly Male and Female Patients Pertaining to Etiology, Radiological Features, and...

Seizures in elderly populations present unique challenges, with potential gender-specific variations in presentation and outcomes. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of seizures between elderly male and female patients, focusing on etiology, radiological features, and electroencephalographic (EEG) findings.

This observational cross-sectional study included 75 patients (40 males, 35 females) aged ≥60 years presenting with seizures at a tertiary care center. All patients underwent detailed clinical evaluation, neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging), and EEG studies. Gender-specific differences in various parameters were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.

While cerebrovascular disease was the leading cause in both groups (40.0% males, 34.3% females), neurodegenerative disorders showed significantly higher prevalence in females (31.4% vs. 20.0%, P = 0.042). Radiological findings revealed higher rates of cortical infarcts in males (35.0%) and white matter changes in females (37.1%). EEG findings were comparable between genders, with focal epileptiform discharges being the most common (55.0% males and 51.4% females). Treatment outcomes were similar, with complete seizure control achieved in 65.0% of males and 68.6% of females.

The study demonstrates significant gender-specific patterns in seizure etiology among elderly patients, particularly regarding neurodegenerative disorders. While radiological and EEG findings showed subtle differences, treatment outcomes were comparable between genders. These findings suggest the importance of gender-specific considerations in the evaluation and management of elderly patients with seizures.