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Himalayan "S-type" granite generated from I-type sources.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Himalayan leucogranites, often thought to originate from sedimentary rocks (S-type), are shown to commonly derive from igneous sources (I-type). This study reveals igneous sources for these peraluminous granites, challenging previous assumptions about their origins in large orogens.

Keywords:
I-type graniteS-type granitehimalayan orogenpartial meltingsource rock

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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Petrology
  • Geochronology

Background:

  • Peraluminous Himalayan leucogranites are widely accepted as originating from metasedimentary rocks (S-type).
  • This classification is based on geochemical signatures like high δ18O and radiogenic isotopes.
  • The source rocks for these granites have significant implications for understanding crustal evolution in orogenic belts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the source rocks of peraluminous leucogranites in the eastern Himalaya.
  • To challenge the prevailing view of S-type origins by exploring potential I-type (igneous) sources.
  • To provide a comprehensive dataset for re-evaluating granite petrogenesis in orogenic settings.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive geochronological and geochemical analysis of leucogranites and potential source rocks.
  • Zircon U-Pb dating, trace element analysis, and Hf isotope analysis.
  • Experimental petrology to model partial melting and compare with observed leucogranite chemistry.

Main Results:

  • Inherited magmatic zircons in leucogranites are indistinguishable in age, trace elements, and Hf isotopes from those in metaigneous rocks, but distinct from metasedimentary rocks.
  • Experimental partial melting of metagranitic rocks better predicts the major element chemistry of the leucogranites than metapelites.
  • Geochemical signatures previously attributed to metasedimentary sources (e.g., high δ18O, 87Sr/86Sr) are also found in metaigneous rocks.

Conclusions:

  • Partial melting of metaigneous rocks is a significant source for peraluminous leucogranites in the eastern Himalaya, indicating I-type origins.
  • Igneous-sourced leucogranites are likely common in large, hot orogens, representing crustal reworking rather than solely juvenile additions.
  • Approximately 20% of Himalayan leucogranites may be I-type, though they tend to be depleted in rare metals.