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Hematological and biochemical alterations in preeclampsia: Readings from cord blood analysis

Ahmed Abu Siniyeh1, Mohammad Alsahoury2, Talal Al Qaisi2,3

  • 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Science, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.

Plos One
|May 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Preeclampsia alters cord blood, showing lower adult hemoglobin and higher fetal hemoglobin, along with reduced platelets. These hematological changes offer insights but aren't yet practical for early detection.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication causing hypertension and proteinuria, impacting maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Investigating cord blood hematological and biochemical markers in preeclampsia is crucial for understanding its effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine hematological and biochemical differences in cord blood between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies.
  • To focus on hemoglobin variants and blood gas parameters in relation to preeclampsia.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 24 preeclamptic and 30 normotensive pregnant women.
  • Analysis of cord blood for hemoglobin (Hb), blood gas, and complete blood count (CBC) indices.
  • Statistical analysis using independent t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests (p < 0.05 significance).

Main Results:

  • Cord blood from preeclamptic pregnancies showed significantly lower adult hemoglobin (HbA) and higher fetal hemoglobin (HbF).
  • Platelet counts were significantly lower in the cord blood of the preeclamptic group compared to controls.
  • No significant differences were observed in blood gas parameters (pH, bicarbonate, carbon dioxide).

Conclusions:

  • Significant alterations in fetal hemoglobin variants and CBC indices (platelets) are linked to preeclampsia.
  • Current clinical utility for early detection is limited due to the inaccessibility of fetal blood.
  • Future research should investigate maternal blood markers for non-invasive early diagnosis and risk assessment.
Abstract

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