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Minimal Residual Disease Testing for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Miral Atout1, Hadeel Elwaheidi1, Rand Maarouf1

  • 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.

Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia
|May 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) testing using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) shows promise for predicting relapses in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Early intervention guided by ctDNA analysis may improve patient outcomes, though standardization is needed.

Keywords:
CAPP-SeqCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA)Next-Generation sequencing (NGS)PhasED-SeqPolymerase chain reaction (PCR)

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) presents significant treatment challenges in relapsed and refractory cases.
  • A substantial proportion of DLBCL patients (35%) do not achieve a cure with initial chemotherapy and may relapse.
  • There is a critical need for advanced therapeutic strategies and prognostic tools in DLBCL management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) testing in predicting relapse in DLBCL.
  • To highlight the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis as a prognostic factor.
  • To explore how MRD testing can inform clinical decisions and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current MRD detection techniques, including droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (DdPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS).
  • Analysis of ctDNA in blood for MRD assessment.
  • Evaluation of the prognostic value of MRD in DLBCL patients.

Main Results:

  • MRD testing, particularly ctDNA analysis, can serve as a valuable clinical prognostic factor.
  • Techniques like DdPCR and NGS are crucial for monitoring treatment response and assessing patient risk.
  • ctDNA analysis demonstrates potential in identifying patients at high risk of relapse.

Conclusions:

  • ctDNA analysis offers a promising avenue for early physician intervention, potentially enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.
  • Standardization of MRD detection techniques and their clinical integration are essential but remain challenging.
  • Further research is required to overcome implementation barriers and optimize MRD testing for DLBCL management.