Measurement Structure and Regional Invariance of the Demographic and Health Survey Intimate Partner Violence Items: A Comparative Confirmatory Factor Analysis
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Intimate partner violence (IPV) measurement scales are comparable across many lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Bifactor models demonstrate best fit, suggesting IPV can be viewed as a single construct with facets.
Area Of Science
- Global Health
- Psychometrics
- Sociology
Background
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant global health issue, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
- Accurate global prevalence estimates are hindered by inconsistent measurement of IPV domains and limited cross-country comparability.
- Existing scales often lack consensus on the structure of IPV, including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, and controlling behaviors.
Purpose Of The Study
- To assess the measurement structure and regional invariance of scales used to measure IPV in population-based surveys across LMICs.
- To determine the optimal statistical model for conceptualizing IPV as a single construct or multiple facets.
- To evaluate the cross-country comparability of IPV measures within world regions.
Main Methods
- Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to test various models (unidimensional, multifactorial, hierarchical, bifactor, bifactor S-1) for lifetime and past-year IPV.
- The study analyzed data from 46 LMICs.
- Multiple-group CFA was used to assess the invariance of the best-fitting models across countries within defined world regions.
Main Results
- Bifactor and bifactor S-1 models demonstrated the best overall fit across the 46 LMICs.
- These models were found to be invariant within most world regions, supporting cross-country comparability.
- Most bifactor models indicated that IPV can be primarily conceptualized as a unidimensional construct with distinct facets, especially when controlling behaviors were excluded.
Conclusions
- The bifactor/bifactor S-1 model offers a robust approach for measuring IPV globally.
- IPV can be effectively conceptualized as a single, overarching construct with nuanced dimensions.
- Researchers are advised to consider bifactor, unidimensional, or summative models for IPV measurement in LMICs to enhance comparability and accuracy.
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