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Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

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The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
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Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
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Hydrogen Bonds00:26

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
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Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines.
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Solution-Mediated Photoreversible Switch Between 2D and 3D Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks.

Xiao Liu1, Yingxiang Ye2, Xu He1

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, XiPing Dao 5340, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300401, P.R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
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PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel photoresponsive material that can reversibly switch between 3D and 2D structures using light. This light-induced transformation enables tunable properties and potential applications in anti-counterfeiting.

Keywords:
Configuration transformationHydrogen‐bonded organic frameworksLanthanideLuminescencePhotoswitch

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Photoresponsive crystalline porous materials offer tunable properties through light-induced structural changes.
  • Achieving reversible topological transformations in these materials remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel photoresponsive material with light-driven reversible structural transformation.
  • To explore the potential of this material for applications like anti-counterfeiting.

Main Methods:

  • Self-assembly of a 3D hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) using photochromic diarylethene (DAE) and tetrakis(4-amidiniumphenyl)methane (TAM).
  • Utilizing charge-assisted hydrogen bonds for framework construction.
  • Employing alternating UV and visible light irradiation to control DAE photoisomerization and induce reversible 3D-2D structural switching via solution-mediated processes.
  • Incorporating lanthanide complexes to investigate photochromic fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).

Main Results:

  • A 3D hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF-OF) was successfully synthesized.
  • Reversible switching between 3D and 2D HOF structures was achieved through light-controlled DAE photoisomerization and solution-mediated recrystallization.
  • The material demonstrated a reversible luminescence on/off switch via DAE photoisomerization-controlled FRET between lanthanide and DAE moieties.

Conclusions:

  • The developed HOF-OF exhibits light-driven reversible structural transformation between 3D and 2D states.
  • The material shows potential for intelligent anti-counterfeiting applications due to its reversible luminescence switching.