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Midwest Urban-Rural Differences in Cancer Prevalence
Christine M Prissel1, Brandon R Grossardt2, Lila J Finney Rutten3
1Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|May 31, 2025
Summary
Cancer prevalence varies across rural and urban areas. Isolated rural residents had higher Hodgkin lymphoma rates, while rural women showed increased risks for colorectal, anal, and ovarian cancers.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Oncology
Background:
- Cancer prevalence studies often simplify geographic classifications.
- Understanding cancer disparities across the urban-rural spectrum is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cancer prevalence variations along the urban-rural continuum.
- To identify specific geographic areas and populations at higher risk for certain cancers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Rochester Epidemiology Project data for residents in a 27-county Minnesota and Wisconsin region.
- Categorized residences using Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes (urban core, large town, small town, isolated rural).
- Employed logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and smoking status.
Main Results:
- Higher prevalence of Hodgkin lymphoma in isolated rural residents (OR, 1.77).
- Increased throat cancer prevalence in large town men (OR, 1.57).
- Rural women exhibited higher prevalence for colorectal, anal, and ovarian cancers.
Conclusions:
- Cancer disparities exist across the urban-rural continuum, necessitating nuanced approaches.
- Moving beyond a binary urban-rural classification is essential for effective cancer control strategies.
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