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Population Incidence and Burden of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis on Australian Health System: Data Linkage Study

S J Lain1,2, L Ivancic1,2, J Chaitow3,4

  • 1Child Population and Translational Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia.

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|May 31, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently use health services, with increased hospital and outpatient visits before and after their first JIA admission. This highlights JIA's significant impact on pediatric healthcare utilization and costs.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Health Services Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic condition affecting children.
  • Population-based data on healthcare utilization for pediatric JIA is limited.
  • Understanding healthcare patterns is crucial for resource allocation and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the population incidence of health service utilization among children with JIA.
  • To analyze healthcare patterns and associated costs in the year preceding and following the first JIA hospital admission.
  • To quantify the impact of JIA on the healthcare system.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based data linkage study was conducted in New South Wales, Australia (2002-2019).
  • Included children under 16 years with a first hospital diagnosis of JIA.
  • Linked hospital admission, emergency department (ED), and outpatient datasets were used to assess health service utilization and costs.

Main Results:

  • 1433 children were hospitalized with a first JIA diagnosis; peak incidence was 7.2/100,000 children annually.
  • In the year prior to first admission, 29% were hospitalized, 43% visited ED, and 48% attended outpatient clinics.
  • Post-admission, 44% had inpatient stays, 61% attended outpatient clinics, and costs rose from $4422 to $11,806 per child annually.

Conclusions:

  • Children with JIA are significant users of hospital services.
  • Healthcare utilization, particularly inpatient and outpatient visits, increases substantially around the first JIA admission.
  • JIA imposes a considerable burden on both affected children and the healthcare system.
Abstract

Keywords:
adolescentgeneral paediatricspain

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