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Updated: Jun 16, 2025

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
Published on: November 21, 2015
Impact pathways of wind farms on grassland carbon and water cycles
Ning Su1, Xiaobing Li1, Xin Lyu1
1State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Abstract:
In recent years, with the rapid development of the wind power industry, the ecological impacts of wind farms (WFs) have received increasing attention. Although previous studies have shown that WFs can affect various ecosystem indicators, the specific pathways of these impacts remain unclear. In this context, we analyzed the impact pathways of 139 grassland WFs located in Inner Mongolia on carbon‒water fluxes during the growing season via multisource satellite data from 2004 to 2020. The results revealed that WFs have a significant impact on gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) at the regional scale. Specifically, WFs influence the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) by altering both the daytime and nighttime land surface temperature (LST) and further influence the GPP and ET through the VPD. Moreover, changes in the daytime LST induced by WFs also impact soil moisture, which further influences GPP. Compared with previous studies, we propose a method based on ridge regression and hypothesis testing to identify the mediating variables of WFs' impact on carbon and water fluxes. Furthermore, after controlling for grazing interference, we quantitatively analyze the complete pathways by which WFs impact carbon and water fluxes, rather than relying solely on qualitative speculation and discussion. This study revealed the cascading effects of WF ecological impacts, deepened the understanding of WF influences, and offered new directions for future research.
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