Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Published on: June 13, 2014

Therapeutic approach for triple-negative breast Cancer through poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 inhibitors: Current

Agnidipta Das¹, Sudip Kumar Mandal², Swati Arya³

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India.

Bioorganic Chemistry

|June 1, 2025

Abstract:

Breast cancer is a dangerous disease that is common worldwide. It comprises 25 % of all women's cancers and 12 % of all new cancer cases diagnosed. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific subtype of breast cancer that lacks the expression for three targetable biomarkers: estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor (HER2). TNBC accounts for 15-20 % of all breast cancers worldwide and is most prevalent in young African-American women, as well as premenopausal women. Unlike other types of breast cancer, TNBC has limited treatment options. Mutations in the Breast Cancer type 1 and type 2 genes (BRCA1/2) are associated with TNBC. However, researchers are investigating new approaches to treating this subtype. One promising area of research is focused on Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerases (PARPs), a family of enzymes involved in DNA repair. Inhibition of PARP-1 can led to the loss of DNA repair via BRCA-dependent mechanisms. PARP-1 inhibitors such as Olaparib, Rucaparib, Niraparib, and Talazoparib have shown promise in treating various types of cancer. These inhibitors are being tested both as monotherapy and in combination with other therapies, such as cytotoxic therapy or radiotherapy. This review article focuses on exploring the significance of PARP-1 inhibitors for TNBC. It delves into the mechanism of action and discusses current and future perspectives for using these inhibitors to treat TNBC.

Insights

Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors show promise for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). These drugs target DNA repair mechanisms, offering new hope for this aggressive cancer subtype with limited options.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Genetics
Pharmacology

Background:

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype lacking ER, PR, and HER2 expression.
TNBC disproportionately affects younger, premenopausal, and African-American women, presenting limited treatment avenues.
Mutations in BRCA1/2 genes are linked to TNBC, highlighting DNA repair pathways as therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the significance of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors in treating TNBC.
To explore the mechanism of action of PARP-1 inhibitors in the context of TNBC.
To discuss current and future therapeutic perspectives for PARP-1 inhibitors in TNBC management.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on PARP-1 inhibitors and their role in DNA repair.
Analysis of studies investigating PARP-1 inhibitors (Olaparib, Rucaparib, Niraparib, Talazoparib) in cancer treatment.
Examination of preclinical and clinical data regarding PARP-1 inhibitor efficacy in TNBC.

Main Results:

PARP-1 inhibition disrupts DNA repair in BRCA-deficient cells, leading to synthetic lethality.
PARP-1 inhibitors demonstrate potential as monotherapy and in combination treatments for TNBC.
Ongoing research explores optimizing PARP-1 inhibitor use for improved TNBC outcomes.

Conclusions:

PARP-1 inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
Targeting DNA repair pathways offers a novel approach to combatting TNBC.
Further research is crucial to fully realize the potential of PARP-1 inhibitors in TNBC treatment.

Read full analysis

Keywords:

HER2 In silico PARP-1 inhibitors Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs)Triple-negative breast cancer

More Related Videos

Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model

Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model

Published on: March 20, 2020

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules

Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Multi-step in silico study of potential estrogen receptor alpha modulators: Integrating hierarchical virtual screening, pharmacokinetics, MM-GBSA, molecular dynamics, and DFT studies.

Journal of molecular graphics & modelling·2026

Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of novel 5-(1-benzyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole derivatives against ER-positive breast cancer.

Bioorganic chemistry·2026

Design, synthesis, in silico and in vitro anti-breast cancer evaluation of novel indole-isoxazole/isoxazoline hybrids as ERα inhibitors.

Molecular diversity·2026

In silico approaches for the identification of novel FGFR1 inhibitor in cancer: A fragment-based De novo drug designing guided virtual screening approach.

Journal of molecular graphics & modelling·2025

Progress in Heterocyclic Hybrids for Breast Cancer Therapy: Emerging Trends, Hybridization Techniques, Mechanistic Pathways and SAR Insights.

Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry·2025

Identification of coumarin derivatives targeting acetylcholinesterase for Alzheimer's disease by field-based 3D-QSAR, pharmacophore model-based virtual screening, molecular docking, MM/GBSA, ADME and MD Simulation study.

Current research in structural biology·2024

See all related articles