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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Ultrasonography01:17

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Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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X-ray Imaging01:24

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Updated: Sep 19, 2025

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
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Tradition Versus Innovation: Conventional Radiography and Ultrasound in Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition

Georgios Filippou1,2, Silvia Sirotti3,2, Luca Maria Sconfienza4,5

  • 1G. Filippou, MD, PhD, S. Sirotti, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio Hospital, Milan, Italy; georgios.filippou@unimi.it.

The Journal of Rheumatology
|June 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultrasound (US) is more accurate than conventional radiography (CR) for identifying calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD). Combining both methods offers limited added value for CPPD diagnosis.

Keywords:
calcium pyrophosphate depositioncalcium pyrophosphate dihydratechondrocalcinosisknee jointradiographyultrasonography

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) diagnosis often relies on conventional radiography (CR) and ultrasound (US).
  • These imaging modalities are frequently used interchangeably for CPPD detection.
  • The comparative accuracy of CR and US for CPPD identification needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US) compared to conventional radiography (CR) for identifying calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD).
  • To determine if combining US and CR improves diagnostic accuracy over using either modality alone for CPPD detection.

Main Methods:

  • A study enrolled patients undergoing knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis.
  • Conventional radiography (CR) and ultrasound (US) of the knee were performed pre-operatively.
  • Polarized light microscopy of menisci and hyaline cartilage served as the gold standard for CPPD confirmation.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound (US) showed higher overall accuracy (0.78) than conventional radiography (CR) (0.73) in identifying CPPD.
  • Combining US and CR provided an advantage only when one modality was positive and the other negative.
  • A negative US significantly reduced the probability of CPPD, while a positive US after a negative CR increased CPPD likelihood 4.21-fold.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasound (US) is a more accurate imaging modality than conventional radiography (CR) for detecting calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD).
  • The combined use of US and CR offers additional diagnostic value in specific clinical scenarios for CPPD identification.