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The role of noncoding RNAs in rare gynecological cancers

Le Zhang1, Xiujuan Chen1, Yanbing Zhang1

  • 1Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, Inner Mongolia, China.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews on Cancer
|June 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This review explores noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in rare gynecological cancers, highlighting their roles in cancer development and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gynecological cancers represent a significant global health burden, with over 50% classified as rare.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are key regulators in cellular processes.
  • Emerging research indicates a critical involvement of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of gynecological malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and classify rare gynecological cancers, detailing their epidemiology, prognosis, and treatment.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which ncRNAs influence tumorigenesis, metastasis, chemoresistance, and recurrence in rare gynecological cancers.
  • To explore the potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on ncRNAs in rare gynecological cancers.
  • Analysis of ncRNA expression patterns and their correlation with cancer hallmarks.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on ncRNA-mediated molecular pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identification and classification of rare gynecological cancers with their epidemiological and prognostic data.
  • Summary of differentially expressed ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs) implicated in cancer progression.
  • Detailed molecular mechanisms linking ncRNAs to tumorigenesis, metastasis, chemoresistance, and recurrence.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs play multifaceted roles in the development and progression of rare gynecological cancers.
  • ncRNAs show promise as valuable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Targeting ncRNAs presents a potential novel therapeutic strategy for rare gynecological cancers.
Keywords:
BiomarkersNcRNAsRare gynecological cancersTherapeutic targets

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