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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Hashimoto's Thyroiditis with Squamous Metaplasia.

S Dahal1, R Makaju1, D Basnet1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.

Kathmandu University Medical Journal (KUMJ)
|June 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This case study highlights a rare instance of squamous metaplasia within Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a condition often associated with papillary thyroid cancer. The findings emphasize the importance of thorough histopathological examination in diagnosing complex thyroid conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a common autoimmune thyroid disease.
  • Squamous metaplasia is a rare finding in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma can coexist with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with squamous metaplasia.
  • To discuss the diagnostic challenges and findings in such a rare presentation.
  • To contribute to the limited literature on this specific thyroid pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 19-year-old female with anterior neck swelling.
  • Diagnostic workup included Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels, ultrasonography (TIRADS 5 lesion), Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), and histopathological examination.
  • Immunohistochemistry was used for confirmation.

Main Results:

  • Histopathology revealed lymphoid follicles with squamous metaplastic cells and fibrosis.
  • FNAC indicated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.
  • The diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with squamous metaplasia was confirmed by immunohistochemistry.

Conclusions:

  • This case underscores the rare co-occurrence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, squamous metaplasia, and papillary thyroid carcinoma.
  • Thorough histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed to understand the implications of squamous metaplasia in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.