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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

Published on: May 10, 2024

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Eosinophilic Fasciitis: New Developments and Future Directions.

Michelle Huynh1, Emily Bogdanski1, Taylor Fleshman2

  • 1College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

International Journal of Dermatology
|June 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF), a rare autoimmune disorder, presents diagnostic challenges and often resists standard treatments like corticosteroids. Newer biologic therapies offer promise for managing this condition and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Shulman's diseasedermatologyeosinophilic fasciitisnarrative reviewrheumatology

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Connective Tissue Disorders

Background:

  • Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF), or Shulman's disease, is a rare autoimmune sclerosing connective tissue disorder.
  • Its pathogenesis is not fully understood but involves fibroblast activity and eosinophil-related interleukins like IL-5.
  • Triggers can include exercise, trauma, infection, or medications, though it is often idiopathic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide clinicians with a comprehensive summary of current knowledge on the diagnosis and management of EF.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and treatment options for eosinophilic fasciitis.
  • To review the latest advancements in understanding and treating this rare condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on eosinophilic fasciitis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic workup, including blood tests, biopsy, MRI, and ultrasound.
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies, including traditional and biologic therapies.

Main Results:

  • EF is often misdiagnosed as other sclerosing diseases.
  • Corticosteroids and methotrexate are common treatments, but many patients are refractory.
  • Biologic therapies show promise in treatment-resistant cases, leading to partial disease resolution.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of EF requires a thorough workup, with biopsy as the gold standard.
  • Many EF patients do not respond to conventional treatments, necessitating alternative therapies.
  • Further research is crucial for understanding EF pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and evaluating novel treatments.