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Assessment of the Health Status of the Oldest Olds Living on the Greek Island of Ikaria: A Population Based-Study in a Blue Zone.

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Blue Zone, a Demographic Concept and Beyond.

Michel Poulain1, Anne Herm1

  • 1SOGOLAS, Estonian Institute for Population Studies, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia.

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
|June 2, 2025
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Summary

Blue Zones (BZ) are regions with many healthy centenarians. This study validates BZ identification methods, confirming Martinique as a fifth BZ and highlighting lifestyle factors for global longevity.

Keywords:
Blue Zoneage validationcentenariandemographic conceptlongevity

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Demography
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Blue Zones (BZ) are regions with high concentrations of healthy centenarians.
  • Existing BZs include Okinawa, Sardinia, Nicoya, and Ikaria, with Martinique recently identified.
  • Concerns exist regarding the reliability of centenarian age data in BZ identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and outline the methodology for identifying and validating Blue Zones.
  • To assess the reliability of centenarian data and demographic indicators for BZ status.
  • To define criteria for Blue Zone designation using the Sardinian BZ as a benchmark.

Main Methods:

  • A three-step methodology for BZ identification is detailed.
  • Strict age validation procedures are employed to confirm longevity claims.
  • Demographic indicators and a longevity threshold (50% above national average) are used for assessment.

Main Results:

  • Martinique has been validated as the fifth Blue Zone.
  • Galicia's Blue Zone validation is currently in progress.
  • Core longevity factors identified include diet, physical activity, social support, and environment.

Conclusions:

  • The Blue Zone model provides a valuable framework for understanding aging and lifestyle impacts.
  • The 7 Blue Zone principles offer actionable strategies for promoting longer, healthier lives globally.
  • Insights from Blue Zones are crucial for advancing public health and lifestyle medicine.